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Topic: Persian words in Quran

Posted on Sunday, June 7, 2015 | Comments Off


Posted By: ramin 
Subject: Persian words in Quran 
Date Posted: 03-Apr-2005 at 07:24
while ago there was a thread going on about some foreign esp. Persian words in Quran http://www.allempires.com/forum/forum_posts.asp?TID=1582&PN=1&TPN=1 - here and http://www.allempires.com/forum/forum_posts.asp?TID=1582&PN=1&TPN=2 - here . Azimuth asked me to explain the roots of these words, and I'm doing so because I thought there was a misundestanding between us. I have looked in some books to gather some information on this.

These are the words:


Arabic word in Quran - Persian origin (English)
Din - Din (Religion)
Rab - Raba (God)
Fardaus - Pardis (Paradise)
Jahannam - Gahnam (Hell)
Barzakh - Bardak (Isthmus)
Huri - Pari (Fairy)
Jen - Jin (Demon)
Sarat - Rah Rast (Right way)
Shara - Shah Rah (Religion way)
Harut - Hurvatat [Khordad] (Name of an angle)
Marut - Murtat [Mordad] (Name of an angle)
Kahf - Kav (Cave)
Bab - Darb (Door)
Jidar - Diwar (Wall)
Sama - Asman (Sky)
Vaght - Vakta (Time)
Varagh - Barg (Leaf)
Raheb - Rahban (Monk)
Jaziya - Gazyat (Tribute)
Kahzinah - Gozineh (Treasury)
...
* The red words are being explained below
--
Now, I begin to explain the origin of only some of them. Since they are a lot (!) this is as far as I could go:

  • (Arabic - Persian (English)
  1. * Sama - Asm�n (Sky):
    Persian "Asm�n" comes from Old Iranian "Asm�n�" which means "stoney" (Old Iranians believed the sky was made from stone!). A�s means Stone and Ma�n means enclosure(?). Even today in Modern Persian people use both Asm�n (daily conversations) and Asm�n� (which is a more poetic version).
  2. * Rab - Raba (God):
    Rab� has a long Semitic etymology and it occures in Semitic languages as old as Akkadian. I couldn't find it in Old or Middle Penrsia. Anyway, it's not being used commonly among Iranians.
  3. * Fardaus - Pardis (Paradise):
    This is Persian, but the correct Persian word is NOT Pardis, but "Pa�leez". The origin of this word is Avestan p�r�-dh�it� (surrounded/confined place; a garden). It was borrowed to Greek as "Paradises".

        In Iranian, p�r�-d�is� became "p�r-d�is�". It was in this stage that it was lent to Arabic as Ferdaus. On the other hand, the 'rd' sequence regularly becomes a "L" in Iranian (c.f. sard�r -> s�l�r). So, pardaisa became paalaiz� and then Pa�leez (as we have it in classical Modern Persian).
  4. * Vaght - Vaght (Time):
    "vaght" comes form middle Persian (or Avestan?) "vakt�" or "v�kt�".
  5. * Din - Deen (Religion):
    Din indeed comes from the Avestan root "daena". This may sound a bit silly but maybe some other Iranians could help me here: is there a "D�ene" in Modern Persian?
  6. * Jahanam - Gahanam (Hell):
    This is also Persian. It was used in Old Persian and comes from the Avestan root "G�h-anam".
  7. * Shara - Shah Rah (Religion way):
    In fact, Sh�h R�h doesn't mean "Religion/Religious way" in Persian, but it means "King's way" which also can be extracted as "worthy path". Sh�h in Old Persian was prounonced and spelled "xsh�y�thiy�". But, I don't see any logical and proven relation between them. However, if we want to take a guess, it is possible to say Shara comes from Sh�h R�h; because (1) Shara doesn't have Semitic root (2) Sh�h R�h is written in some inscriptions from the Sassanid period that meant "virtuous path".
  8. * Bab - Darb (Door):
    NO!, Darb is obviously is a new word that has been only used in Modern Persian.
  9. * Harut - (Haurvat�t) Khord�d (Name of an angel AND name of a month in solar calendar):
    Haurvat�t (as well as [Marut] Amer�t�t) has an ancient Babylonian root! but was also used by Zoroaster himself whose birth date is not discovered. Haurvat�t was name of a Zoroastrian god (angel), the god of Water (i guesS) and was used as a month in solar system as well. For more information on this you can simply search the web. There should be a lot of information about this.
  10. * Marut - (Amer�t�t) Mord�d (Name of an angel AND name of a month in solar calendar):
    Murt�t is wrong spelling and pronouncing, in Modern Persian it is Mord�d, and also Amord�d which is closer to its ancient root in Old Persian that wasAmer�t�t. The whole explanation is just like Haurvat�t. It was the name of a god, plus it means "Immortalle". A- means "Anti" and "Mort" or "Mord" means "Death" and -�t is a suffix. "Mort" is also means Dead/Death in Latin, which has the the same root.
  11. * Huri - Pari (Fairy):
    Pari borrowed by Europeans in the 13th Cen. is an Old Persian word mentioned in Gathas of Avesta.

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